---
doc_type: fsd_product_capabilities
source: SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition 2602 Feature Scope Description (v2.0, 2026-03-12)
module: Sourcing and Procurement
fsd_pages: 222–264
kb_version: 2602
last_updated: 2026-04-04
---

# SAP S/4HANA Cloud Sourcing and Procurement Capabilities

This document captures the Feature Scope Description (FSD) capabilities for Sourcing and Procurement (Chapter 3.16) — covering Generic Features, Procurement Analytics, Sourcing and Contract Management, Operational Procurement, Invoice Management, Supplier Management, Machine Learning Integration, Central Procurement, and External System Integrations — from the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition 2602 release.

---

## 3.16 Sourcing and Procurement

Purchasing allows you to order direct materials, consumable materials, and services. The purchasing department keeps track of the procurement process with the purchase order, the goods and invoice receipts, and service entry sheets.

---

### 3.16.1 Generic Features Available in Sourcing and Procurement

> 📄 FSD Reference: p222

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

Here, you can get an overview of the generic features that are available in Sourcing and Procurement.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing teams and responsibilities** | You can, for example, define which team members are responsible for specific approval steps within the procurement process. For more information, see the section Responsibility Management [page 17]. |
| **Using subcontracting documents** | You can instruct a supplier (subcontractor) to manufacture materials using components provided by you. Based on the respective purchase order or scheduling agreement, you or a third-party supplier can send the components to your subcontractor, who then manufactures the ordered material. You can monitor the quantity of the needed components and trigger the goods issue, if required. |
| **Managing model product specifications** | You can use model product specifications to manage templates with item hierarchies for documents, such as purchase contracts. This allows you to quickly reuse and structure items that you use frequently without having to create them again. You can create new documents based on entire model product specifications, groups of materials and services, or individual items. In addition, you can import model product specifications for creation or update, and you can monitor the import process. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.2 Procurement Analytics

#### 3.16.2.1 Real-Time Reporting and Monitoring

> 📄 FSD Reference: p223–224

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

The procurement overview provides you with a set of actionable cards that you can easily rearrange as required. You no longer need to start different transactions and reports separately: both operational and analytical cards are visible on one single page. You immediately see your most relevant tasks and can navigate to KPI drilldowns, worklists, or specific object pages to get more detailed information and take immediate action.

In addition, the monitoring of purchasing document items enables you to immediately assess and resolve critical situations for your company.

The supplier object page is enhanced by analytical real-time insights into supplier evaluation scores, purchase requisition types, as well as purchasing and off-contract spend.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Operational cards** | Examples of operational cards are the monitoring of contracts, so that you see which contracts are about to expire and require your attention, as well as purchase requisitions, showing you where a source of supply is missing and needs to be assigned. You can also monitor supplier confirmations that are overdue, or that deviate in quantity or delivery date from the purchase order. |
| **Analytical cards** | Examples of analytical cards are the actual and planned purchasing spend by supplier and material group, and the monitoring of the supplier performance by analyzing operational data and questionnaires. |
| **Filtering** | You can filter the content of cards by various criteria, such as by suppliers, purchasing categories, material groups, and purchasing groups. This enables you to make informed decisions and take immediate action. |
| **Monitoring** | With the monitoring apps, you can identify the following, for example: overdue purchase order and scheduling agreement items; next delivery dates and quantities for subcontracting documents; missing supplier confirmations; request for quotation items for which no bids were submitted in time for the deadline; expiring purchase contract items; variances of material prices in purchase contracts and info records; purchase requisition items; request for quotation types; missing exchange rates for the currencies used in the analytical apps; scheduled jobs that failed for supplier evaluation scores; scheduled extraction jobs that failed for central purchasing data from the hub system to an optimized analytical table; purchase order documents, for which the goods receipt based invoice verification flag is not set, but the goods receipt is posted and returns or cancellations exist. Apart from the regular filter and table section, analytical elements such as visual filters and analytical charts are also provided. In addition to the KPIs, multi-dimensional reports for analyzing the purchasing spend as well as the service spend are available. Purchasers can check the insights of the instances where the invoices were received before the purchase orders creation. Purchasers can identify the average time taken to approve a purchase order from the time of its creation. Purchasers can get insights on when the contract is changed on various fields. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.2.2 Spend Visibility

> 📄 FSD Reference: p225–226

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

The data that simplifies your daily work can be visualized in various chart types and by criteria such as supplier, purchasing group, purchasing category, or material group. The key performance indicators allow you to directly navigate into other apps, where you can immediately solve business issues.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Purchase requisitions** | Procurement organizations are measured according to their efficiency. Specifically in the area of managing purchase requisitions, you can notably increase the efficiency and automation of procurement processes. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) help measure this efficiency and provide real-time insight into areas of improvement, such as the average approval time of a purchase requisition, changes made to a purchase requisition item, or carbon footprint of the products requested in purchase requisitions based on data from an external environmental management system (currently, SAP Product Footprint Management). |
| **Purchasing and invoice spend** | To identify cost-saving opportunities, it is essential that you see the purchasing and invoice spend under management. The available KPIs provide insight into purchase order value over time, future purchasing spend based on purchase requisitions that are currently in approval, purchasing spend classified by ABC suppliers, material groups and purchasing groups, invoices without purchase order reference, invoice price changes over time, and automation rates for sending purchase orders and receiving supplier invoices. Additionally, procurement dashboards for purchasing spend and off-contract spend in SAP Analytics Cloud can be accessed directly from SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, showing purchasing data in real time. |
| **Contracts and scheduling agreements** | Purchasers can manage contracts efficiently and make sure that the right contracts are in place at the right time when needed. They are able to do so by identifying maverick spend and contracts that are not used, contracts that will expire soon, and contracts or scheduling agreements that are almost consumed by comparing target values or target quantities with released values or released quantities. |
| **Supplier evaluation** | You can determine the overall score of a supplier in an organization based on the weighted average of the single scores for quantity variance, price variance, time variance, as well as quality scores based on inspection lots and quality notifications. Supplier evaluation scorecards that result from questionnaires enrich these operational supplier evaluation scores. A combined real-time view across operational and questionnaire-based scores provides a holistic view of your supplier's performance. You can also specify individual weighting and scoring factors per criterion and per purchasing category. You can also view the history of supplier evaluation scores. Additionally, you can send output messages (via email or print) with the supplier evaluation scores to the respective suppliers. Output scores can be based on on-the-fly real-time calculation or persisted historical scores. Define custom criteria based on your requirements in order to rate suppliers. Additionally, a dashboard for supplier performance in SAP Analytics Cloud can be accessed directly from SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, showing supplier evaluation scores in real time. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.2.3 Spend Reporting

> 📄 FSD Reference: p226–227

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

An SAP Analytics Cloud dashboard where buyers can view insights of the purchasing and off-contract spend. The analyzed data is presented in a broad range of graphs, such as bar charts, column charts, and tables.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Purchasing spend** | To identify cost-saving opportunities, it is essential that you view the purchasing spend details under one dashboard. The dashboard provides purchasing spend details in various formats. Buyers can view information like purchase order net amount and amount spend in individual quarters (current and previous year) on this dashboard. They can also filter the information based on the wide range of filters provided. |
| **Off-contract spend** | This dashboard can also be used to measure the percentage of purchases made without any contract being in place. Buyers can view the total amount spend on purchase orders that do not have a purchase contract reference. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.3 Sourcing and Contract Management

#### 3.16.3.1 Source Assignment

> 📄 FSD Reference: p227–229

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

*(此节无独立 Business Background 段落；功能直接从 Key Features 开始。)*

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with external procurement systems (for example SAP Ariba Sourcing), also in combination with a business network (for example Ariba Network) to enable a seamless and highly efficient collaboration between your buying organization and your suppliers in the sourcing process.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing source lists** | The source list is used in the administration of sources of supply. It specifies the allowed (and disallowed) sources for a material for a certain plant within a predefined period. Each source is defined by means of a source list record. |
| **Managing info records** | An info record serves as a source of information for purchasing activities. The info record contains information about a specific material and the corresponding supplier. The supplier's current pricing, for example, is stored in the info record. The info record allows purchasers to quickly determine which materials have been previously offered or supplied by a specific supplier, and which suppliers have offered or supplied a specific material. |
| **Making mass changes to purchasing info records and monitoring them** | Purchasers can select purchasing info records and trigger a mass change for specific fields. You can also change prices in one or more purchasing info records. You can then monitor these mass changes. Purchasers can download information related purchasing info records into a spreadsheet, modify it, and upload it back again. They can create new purchasing info records using the spreadsheet. |
| **Managing quota arrangements** | You can use quota arrangements to split up a specific material requirement for a plant to several sources of supply, that is, to several suppliers. This allows you to minimize the risk of delivery failures for important materials. |
| **Managing requests for quotations** | If you do not have a valid source of supply, you can use the requests for quotations process to find one. A request for quotation (RFQ) is a request from a purchasing organization to a supplier to submit a quotation for the supply of materials or lean services. You can create requests for quotations and add attachments, if required. If you want your strategic buyers to invite suppliers to place supplier quotations, you can send the request for quotation (including attachments) to an external procurement system (for example SAP Ariba Sourcing) or directly to your suppliers, for example by e-mail. You can invite suppliers that are maintained in your supplier master data to participate in the bidding process on an external platform (currently, Ariba Network). RFQ items can be selected for an info record update. You can define approval rules for RFQs. |
| **Managing supplier quotations** | A supplier quotation is an offer from a supplier to a purchasing organization to supply materials or lean services. Supplier quotations can be created manually in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition or generated from quotations received from an external sourcing system (for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing). If you receive supplier quotations from an external system that have not yet been awarded, you can award them in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition and create follow-on documents. If you receive supplier quotations from an external system that have already been awarded, follow-on documents can be automatically created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. You can define approval rules for supplier quotations. |
| **Comparing supplier quotations** | You can select up to three supplier quotations and compare them simultaneously in a separate screen. To cover your demand for goods and services at the best price, you can either award one supplier quotation completely, or partially award several supplier quotations. |
| **Situation handling** | You can inform specific members in your purchasing organization about the approaching submission deadline for an RFQ and that only a low number of supplier quotations has been received. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.3.2 Purchase Contract Management

> 📄 FSD Reference: p230–231

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

*(此节无独立 Business Background 段落；功能直接从 Key Features 开始。)*

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing purchase contracts** | A purchase contract is an outline purchase agreement between the supplier and your company to procure materials against which release orders (releases) can be posted. You can get an overview of all existing contracts, where you can use various sorting and grouping functions. From the list of contracts, you can directly renew a contract and also see the validity status of each contract. You can navigate into a specific contract and process it. The specific purchase contract items view is enhanced by analytical real-time insights into release history, contract consumption, and contract leakage. When you purchase materials or services, you can assign a purchase contract item to several accounts. You can also create purchase contract items of categories, such as Standard, Consignment, Material Group, and Subcontracting. You can duplicate a purchase contract item by copying it. You can also block and unblock items. Furthermore, you can delete and restore items. A contract can be maintained with a special validity time frame and a target quantity or a target value. You can maintain conditions at the header level and item level of a purchase contract. You can create item hierarchies with item sets and functional items for purchase contracts. You can add attachments at the header and item levels of purchase contracts. You can create a contract template, enabling you to reuse data that is inherited from the template whenever you create a new contract. You can create purchase orders directly from a purchase contract for any items covered by the purchase contract. You can also withdraw a purchase contract from approval. |
| **Using the approval workflow** | You can use the flexible workflow for purchase contracts with either the automatic, one-step, or multi-step approval process. As a configuration expert, you can add approvers and reviewers as recipients of workflow items. You can define recipients using either a role or a user-based assignment. You can mark a workflow step as optional to automatically skip and move to the next step when an approver cannot be determined. You can further define the deadline by which the workflow step should be completed, beyond which an overdue notice is sent to the approver. As an approver, you can get an overview of all the purchase contracts you are responsible for. You can approve or reject purchase contracts and add comments. While using the flexible workflow, critical changes made to a purchase contract will retrigger the workflow based on the settings in the system. |
| **Output management** | You can use output management to print or email purchase contracts. |
| **Situation handling** | You can inform specific members in your purchasing organization about the expiration of a purchase contract 30 days before its expiry. |
| **Making mass changes to purchase contracts and monitoring them** | Purchasers can select headers and items of purchase contracts and trigger a mass change for specific fields. You can then monitor these mass changes. Purchasers can download information related purchase contracts into a spreadsheet, modify it, and upload it back again. They can create new purchase contracts using the spreadsheet. |
| **Managing purchase scheduling agreements** | Purchase scheduling agreements are a form of outline purchase agreement under which materials are procured on predetermined dates within a certain time period. Purchase scheduling agreements contain prices and conditions for a material item. Releases from a purchase scheduling agreement can occur using the MRP run, or you can release them manually, or you can plan purchase scheduling agreement releases as a background job. You can create and change purchase scheduling agreements as required, and maintain the delivery schedule. You can copy purchase scheduling agreement items. You can create and save purchase scheduling agreements as a draft. You can use the flexible workflow to approve and review purchase scheduling agreements. While using the flexible workflow, critical changes applied to an approved purchase scheduling agreement retriggers the workflow based on the settings you make in the system. |
| **Making mass changes to scheduling agreements and monitoring them** | You can select headers and items of scheduling agreements and trigger a mass change for specific fields. You can then monitor these mass changes. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.4 Operational Procurement

#### 3.16.4.1 Self-Service Requisitioning

> 📄 FSD Reference: p232–234

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

Self-service requisitioning allows you to create, manage, and track your orders efficiently. You can create items from external catalogs and free-text items. After ordering the products you require, an item or header-based approval process is triggered. Once your purchase requisition has been approved, a purchase order is created.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Defining default settings for users** | For each user, you can maintain default values for fields that are used when the user creates a purchase requisition. |
| **Selecting products** | You can order products by selecting them from catalogs, by entering a free-text item, or by selecting a product ID from the product master. The system automatically checks that the most recent price for any product you want to purchase is chosen when you place your order. You can also define a value limit for unplanned services or materials, that is, materials and services that cannot be specified in detail at the time of ordering, by creating a purchase requisition limit item. Based on the settings made in the system, the appropriate purchasing groups are automatically proposed. |
| **Maintaining multiple drafts** | You can maintain multiple drafts at a time. The drafts are listed in the home page, and you can continue working on any of these at a later point in time. |
| **Copying purchase requisitions** | You can copy an existing purchase requisition. All the items will be copied, along with their attachments, irrespective of the status of the items. You can view supporting information while copying rejected purchase requisitions or rejected purchase requisition items. |
| **Searching and filtering purchase requisitions** | You can search and filter the requisition list to view a specific purchase requisition or a set of purchase requisitions. You can view the status and the number of items in the purchase requisition, with a quick summary of key item information. |
| **Using the approval process and monitoring your requisitions** | You can use the flexible workflow for purchase requisitions, enabling you to optimize the approval process. The flexible workflow allows you to use either the automatic, one-step, or multi-step approval. From the overview of all requisitions they are responsible for, approvers can either approve or reject them, and add comments, if required. Based on the workflow configuration, approvers can also send back purchase requisitions to requestors for rework. You will be notified if your purchase requisition has been rejected or sent back to you for rework. You can monitor the status of all your requisitions to see who is responsible for an approval step. |
| **Adding, copying, modifying, and deleting items in existing purchase requisitions** | You can add, modify, copy and delete items within an existing purchase requisition, provided that no follow-on document has been created. |
| **Purchase order processing** | Once the purchase requisition has been approved, a follow-on document is created and submitted to the supplier. |
| **Confirmation processing** | After you have received the products you have requested, you confirm the delivery. If you do not confirm the goods by the delivery date, you will receive a notification asking for a confirmation. |
| **Situation handling** | You can receive notifications about overdue confirmations for your deliveries. |
| **Return delivery processing** | If you need to return products after you have confirmed the delivery, for example because they are damaged or due to poor quality, the return delivery process is available. |
| **Shopping on behalf of other users** | Employees can also shop on behalf of other users, for example a team assistant can procure an item on behalf of the manager. |
| **Managing catalog items** | You can see which catalogs are assigned to your users, and also which items are part of which catalog. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.4.2 Requirements Processing

> 📄 FSD Reference: p234–236

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

A purchase requisition is a request to procure a certain quantity of a material, or a service, so that it is available at a certain point in time. A purchase requisition is used as the starting point in purchasing and can trigger an approval process. A demand from an MRP run, for example, can result in a purchase requisition.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing purchase requisitions** | Purchasers or other specialists can create purchase requisitions. The items in the purchase requisitions can be maintained as a flat list or a hierarchy list. A hierarchy list contains item sets and functional items arranged in a structured order. The purchase requisitions can be created manually. You can add free text items and catalog items. You can assign a source of supply from the proposed possible sources of supply, or you can manually assign a supplier. When you purchase materials or services, you can specify an account assignment. You can define a value limit for unplanned services or materials by creating a purchase requisition limit item. Purchasers can also modify self-service requisitions. You can also implement an approval process using the flexible workflow for purchase requisitions. You can assign a source of supply to the items in a purchase requisition and process them. You can optimize the purchasing process by bundling several purchase requisitions into one purchase order. Alternatively, you can also create a purchase contract if required. Embedded analytics help suppliers to find the best possible source of supply. You can create a list of purchase requisitions based on different attributes, such as the supplier, a material, or an account assignment. |
| **Using the approval workflow** | You can use the flexible workflow for purchase requisitions with either the automatic, one-step, or multi-step approval process. As a configuration expert, you can add approvers and reviewers as recipients of workflow items. You can define recipients using either a role or a user-based assignment. You can mark a workflow step as optional to automatically skip and move to the next step when an approver cannot be determined. You can configure emails with selected email templates to be sent to selected recipients when the approval deadline is reached, or when a purchase requisition has been approved or rejected. As an approver, you can get an overview of all the purchase requisitions you are responsible for. You can approve or reject purchase requisitions, and add comments. You can add decision reasons and comments. Based on the workflow configuration, you can send back purchase requisitions to requestors for rework. You can also add new approval steps to the workflow. While using the flexible workflow, critical changes made to a purchase requisition will retrigger the workflow based on the settings in the system. |
| **Making mass changes to purchase requisitions and monitoring them** | You can select purchase requisitions and trigger a mass change for specific fields. You can then monitor these mass changes. |
| **Sustainability** | As a purchaser, you can view the carbon footprint of purchase requisition items based on data from an external environmental management system (currently, SAP Product Footprint Management). |
| **Situation handling** | When a contract is created that can be assigned to an existing open purchase requisition, the system notifies the purchaser responsible for the purchase requisition and asks whether the contract should be assigned. |
| **Edit purchase requisitions before approving them** | As an approver, you can partially edit specific purchase requisitions before approving them or sending them back for rework. You can also add comments, notes, and attachments before approving or sending back for rework. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.4.3 Purchase Order Processing

> 📄 FSD Reference: p237–239

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

A purchase order is a request or instruction to an external supplier to deliver a specific quantity of materials at a certain point in time, or to perform services within a specific period.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing purchase orders** | When you create a purchase order, you can base it on a purchase requisition, or use an existing purchase order, an info record, or a contract as a reference. The purchase order can, for example, contain different delivery dates, account assignments, texts, and partners. When you use a contract reference, a contract call-off is initiated. You can also create a new purchase order from scratch. You can change purchase order data depending on the existence of follow-on documents, such as a goods receipt, or an invoice. You can purchase materials or services, using product master data or create free-text items without master data. You can also define limits for unplanned materials and unplanned services. You can request a specific service performer when procuring services. You can assign a purchase order item to one or more accounts and base the account assignment on internal orders or cost centers, for example. You can use the Evaluated Receipt Settlement (ERS) function. You can list purchase orders based on attributes such as the supplier, a material, or a plant. You can predict whether the delivery of a purchase order will happen on time or not. |
| **Displaying purchasing related data** | You can display statistics for purchasing documents and details about purchasing-related suppliers. |
| **Using the approval process** | You can use the flexible workflow for purchase orders with either the automatic, one-step, or multi-step approval. You can approve or reject purchase orders. You can forward approval items and add comments and attachments, and you can withdraw a workflow item from approval if you have the required authorization. While using the flexible workflow, critical changes applied to an approved purchase order will retrigger the workflow based on the settings you make in the system. |
| **Making mass changes to purchase orders and monitoring them** | You can select purchase orders, purchase order items, and schedule lines to trigger a mass change for specific values. You can then monitor these mass changes. You can also simulate the changes first and then monitor them, using simulated jobs or mass change jobs. |
| **Monitoring follow-on processes** | You can check the status of supplier confirmations as well as the status of created goods receipts and supplier invoices. |
| **Situation handling** | You can inform specific members in your purchasing organization if a purchase order has missing supplier confirmations or if there is a deficit in the quantity of materials to be delivered by the supplier. |
| **Output management** | You can use output management to print or email purchase orders. |
| **Intercompany business processing** | You use this feature to process business transactions that take place between two affiliated companies (company codes that may or may not be based in different countries/regions) belonging to the same corporate group. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.4.4 Purchase Order Collaboration

> 📄 FSD Reference: p239–241

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with business networks or external systems (for example, SAP Business Network) to enable you to collaborate with your suppliers on purchase orders. You can do this by exchanging purchase-order-related messages between SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition and the business network or external system.

It is also possible to collaborate with your suppliers using a direct integration of SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition with an external supplier system.

**核心功能 (Key Features) — Business Network Integration**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Sending purchase orders** | You can send purchase orders for material items as well as changes to purchase orders or cancellations from SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition to the business network or external system. The following item categories are supported: Standard items; Third-party items. Purchase orders can be transferred including attachments they have at header level. |
| **Receiving confirmations** | You can receive purchase order confirmations from your suppliers via the business network or external system. |
| **Receiving advanced shipping notifications** | You can receive advanced shipping notifications from your suppliers via the business network or external system, which creates inbound deliveries in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. |
| **Sending goods receipts** | You can send goods receipts to your suppliers via the business network or external system to inform them that you have received material items, and whether a part of the delivery or the full delivery has been received. |

**核心功能 (Key Features) — Direct / External Supplier System Integration**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Sending purchase orders or scheduling agreement releases** | You can send purchase orders or scheduling agreement releases to an external supplier system to order materials or lean services (services that are based on standard purchase order items). The following item categories are supported: Standard items; Third-party items. |
| **Receiving confirmations** | You can receive order confirmations from your suppliers in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition buyer system. |
| **Receiving advanced shipping notifications** | You can receive advanced shipping notifications from your suppliers in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition buyer system. |
| **Receiving supplier invoices** | You can receive supplier invoices from your suppliers in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition buyer system. |
| **Sending returns purchase orders** | You can send returns purchase orders to your suppliers to return materials. The following item categories are supported: Standard items; Third-party items. |
| **Receiving confirmations (returns)** | You can receive confirmations for the returns orders in your SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition buyer system. |
| **Receiving credit memos** | You can receive credit memos from your suppliers. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.4.5 Service Purchasing and Recording

> 📄 FSD Reference: p241–242

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

*(此节无独立 Business Background 段落；功能直接从 Key Features 开始。)*

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Purchasing lean services** | You can use service purchasing for a wide range of services, such as planned and unplanned maintenance and construction or consulting services. When you request services from your suppliers, you can specify all the services that may be procured in detail or you can just set a limit in the purchase order using a contract for the price definition. It is possible to do the account assignment at a later point in time. |
| **Managing service entry sheets for lean services** | Based on purchase orders, you can create service entry sheets to record that the ordered services have been performed within a specified period. Additionally, you can record material items used during the execution of a service. You can search for existing service entry sheets and change them. If you have defined a value limit for unplanned services in the purchase order, you can specify the performed services as well as their exact quantity, and select a contract item in which the price per unit is defined. The services are recorded with their precise value, and the system checks that the limit has not been exceeded. Tax information defined in the purchase order can be displayed and edited in the service entry sheet. Detailed pricing information is displayed and can be edited for specific service items. You can also attach documents and add links to the service entry sheet. |
| **Generation from timesheets** | Service entry sheets can also be automatically created based on timesheets of external employees. |
| **Approving service entry sheets for lean services** | You can approve or reject service entry sheets. The flexible workflow for service entry sheets allows you to define one or more approvers and to use either the automatic, one-step, or multistep approval. You can approve or reject service entry sheets, withdraw a service entry sheet from approval, or revoke the approval of a service entry sheet under certain conditions. All service entry sheets that you need to approve or reject are automatically visible for you. Whether or not a service entry sheet needs to be approved or whether it is released automatically depends on the settings that were made during the workflow configuration process. When using the flexible workflow, critical changes applied to an approved service entry sheet retrigger the workflow based on the settings you made in the system. |
| **Verification of invoices for lean services** | In the final step, you ensure that the service provider's invoices are correct. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.5 Invoice Management

#### 3.16.5.1 Invoice Processing

> 📄 FSD Reference: p242–244

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

A supplier invoice is a document from a supplier for materials that were delivered or services that were performed. The supplier invoice triggers the payment.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing supplier invoices** | You create a supplier invoice after receiving the invoice from the supplier. You can create the supplier invoice with reference to a purchase order or without any reference. You can select the reference purchase order using the corresponding delivery note, freight order, or service entry sheet, for example. The invoice verification checks the supplier invoice for correctness. Before posting the document, you can simulate the supplier invoice in order to display the account movements. In addition, one clerk can park the invoice document and another clerk can complete the process and post it. When the invoice reduction functionality is used during the creation of an invoice, output management is triggered to inform the supplier. You can schedule the output as a regular job. You can also verify the invoice in the background. In supplier invoices, you can process down payments that originate from a Central Finance system. |
| **Using time-dependent taxes** | In supplier invoice processing, time-dependent taxes allow you to define several periods with individual tax rates for one tax code. As a result, you can use one tax code for different tax rates. |
| **Managing supplier invoices with reference to purchase order limit items** | You can post a supplier invoice to a purchase order limit item that defines a value limit either for unplanned materials or for unplanned services. In this case, you check the invoice amount directly against the value limit. |
| **Integrating freight orders** | The integration of Transportation Management enables you to use the reference document category freight order in the supplier invoice. For this category, you can enter a freight order that refers to a purchase order with lean service items. You can also create direct postings to a G/L account with reference to a freight order. |
| **Uploading invoice documents** | When you upload invoice documents, an invoice draft is created to which the uploaded file will be attached. |
| **Working with supplier invoice lists** | You can search for supplier invoices and use the search result as a supplier invoice worklist that allows you to display the detail data. For example, you can display a list of blocked supplier invoices and release or reverse them. |
| **Releasing supplier invoices** | If you want to release invoices manually, you can select the blocked invoices using different filters. The invoice can also be released automatically. In this case, the system checks each blocking reason to see whether it is still valid. |
| **Approving supplier invoices** | You can display supplier invoices that are assigned to you by workflow. In addition, detailed information about the invoice items are available in your inbox. You can approve or reject the corresponding work item. If necessary, you can forward a work item to a different employee for further processing. You can use the workflow, for example, to approve posted supplier invoices that are blocked for payment. You can also define time frames in which a workflow step must be completed. For overdue deadlines, you can set up pre-defined email notifications. |
| **Working with goods receipt and invoice receipt clearing accounts** | You can maintain goods receipt and invoice receipt clearing accounts, and cancel the created documents if required. |
| **Consignment and pipeline settlement** | For goods withdrawals from consignment stocks or from a pipeline, you do not expect an invoice from the supplier. Instead, you can settle posted withdrawals and return deliveries yourself and send the supplier a statement of the settlement. In this process, a supplier invoice is created in Logistics in addition to a journal entry in Finance. The supplier invoice is integrated into supplier invoice processing in Logistics. |
| **Automatic settlement of invoices** | To save costs, you can use automatic settlement, such as consignment and pipeline settlement, evaluated receipt settlement, or revaluation. |
| **Supplier invoice jobs** | You can schedule and monitor recurring, supplier invoice related activities as a background job. For example, you can choose the job template Evaluated Receipt Settlement. You can schedule a job for Evaluated Receipt Settlements on the basis of the data in a freight order that refers to a purchase order with lean service items, and you can print the data on a form with the freight order supplier as recipient. |
| **Down payment monitoring for purchase orders** | You can monitor purchase orders for which a down payment is planned. Furthermore, you can create down payment requests. If down payment data is maintained in the purchase order, you can post down payment requests and down payments for this purchase order. When you enter an incoming invoice, you can select the down payments and post the down payment clearing documents together with the invoice document. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.5.2 Invoice Collaboration

> 📄 FSD Reference: p245

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with business networks or external systems (for example, SAP Business Network) to enable you to collaborate with your suppliers on invoices. You can do this by exchanging invoice-related messages between SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition and the business network or external system.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Receiving supplier invoices** | You can receive invoices from your suppliers via the business network or external system. The message transferring the invoice data can also transfer a PDF version of the invoice or other attachments. Error-free supplier invoices can be posted automatically in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. Invoices with errors can be saved with errors and can later be processed manually. |
| **Sending CC invoices** | You can transfer supplier invoices created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition to your suppliers via the business network or external system as CC invoices (carbon-copy invoices). Such invoices are sent for status tracking and follow-on processes. |
| **Sending status updates for supplier invoices** | Status updates for the received supplier invoices are sent to your suppliers via the business network or external system. For example, when a supplier invoice is posted, paid, reversed, or when a blocked invoice is released in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, a status update is sent. You can also transfer status updates for supplier invoices that you have created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (CC invoices). |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.6 Supplier Management

#### 3.16.6.1 Classification and Segmentation

> 📄 FSD Reference: p246

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

Supplier classification and segmentation is an ongoing process in which you assess and classify your suppliers at regular intervals and allocate your suppliers to segments of different importance. You can then focus especially on those suppliers that are strategically important and critical to your business, thus enabling you to develop and manage your business relationships.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Purchasing Category** | Purchasing categories allow you to manage your suppliers according to specific categories of goods and services, for example, hardware and software, or installation and maintenance. They enable you to monitor your pool of suppliers and optimize the purchasing process. Purchasing categories are also an important structuring element in the supplier evaluation process. They enable you to compare the evaluations of all suppliers in the same purchasing category. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.6.2 Supplier Evaluation

> 📄 FSD Reference: p246

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

*(此节无独立 Business Background 段落；功能直接从 Key Features 开始。)*

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Supplier Evaluation** | In supplier evaluation, you send out supplier evaluation requests to appraisers, asking them to fill out questionnaires about a supplier. You first create the questions and the corresponding answer options and then include the questions in one or several questionnaires. You can include the questionnaires in evaluation templates that serve as the basis for sending out evaluation requests. You create questions in the question library. For a better overview, you can use sections to structure the questions. You can display the evaluation scorecards that show the overall result of a supplier evaluation for one supplier. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.7 Integration with Machine Learning Intelligence

> 📄 FSD Reference: p247

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with a machine learning system (currently SAP Procurement Intelligence) to allow users to optimize their procurement processes.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Prediction of delivery date for purchase order items** | Based on a machine learning algorithm, the system can predict the delivery date for purchase order items. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
⊙ Note: Some of these key features require a connection to the SAP Cloud Platform.

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.8 Central Procurement

> 📄 FSD Reference: p247–259

With Central Procurement, you can integrate your SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition system with some other enterprise resource planning systems in your system landscape (that is, SAP S/4HANA, SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, or SAP ERP) to offer centralized procurement processes over your entire system landscape. SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition acts as a hub system and the enterprise resource planning systems act as connected systems in this integration scenario.

---

#### 3.16.8.1 Central Requisitioning

> 📄 FSD Reference: p247–249

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

The Central Requisitioning scenario facilitates employees to have a unified shopping experience where they can create self-service requisitions in an SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition system (which acts as a hub system). They can, for example, select materials from the catalogs with desired sources of supply. This scenario also enables you to confirm the ordered goods in the hub system.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Creating purchase requisitions** | Employees can create purchase requisitions in the hub system. When creating a purchase requisition, employees can create purchase requisition items for free-text materials, for the materials that were extracted from the connected systems into the hub system, or for lean services. They can also define a value limit for unplanned services or materials by creating purchase requisition limit items. |
| **Creating purchase requisitions in Expert Mode** | Employees can create central purchase requisitions in Expert Mode, provided Expert Mode is enabled for them in the default settings. These purchase requisitions are replicated to the connected system with the selected purchasing document type of connected system. Selecting these purchase requisitions takes the employees to the connected system where they can view and edit them. |
| **Shopping on behalf of other users** | Employees can also shop on behalf of other users, for example a team assistant can procure an item on behalf of the manager. |
| **Editing purchase requisitions** | A purchaser can edit a purchase requisition that was replicated from the hub system in the connected system. |
| **Using the approval workflow** | You can use the flexible workflow for purchase requisitions with either the automatic, one-step, or multi-step approval process. As a configuration expert, you can define recipients using either a role or a user-based assignment and select whether the approval step is to be completed by one or all of the recipients. You can mark a workflow step as optional to automatically skip and move to the next step, when an approver cannot be determined. You can also choose to exclude restricted agents from being approvers of purchase requisition. As an approver, you can get an overview of all the purchase requisitions you are responsible for. You can approve or reject purchase requisitions, and add comments. Based on the workflow configuration, you can also send back purchase requisitions to requestors for rework. As a requester, you can view the approval details of a purchase requisition. You will be notified in case your purchase requisition has been rejected or sent back to you for rework. |
| **Replicating purchase requisitions to the connected systems** | The purchase requisitions are replicated to the connected systems. As a configuration expert, you can configure the replication to happen either before or after the purchase requisitions are approved in the hub system. |
| **Monitoring the replication of purchase requisitions to the connected systems** | Configuration experts can monitor purchase requisitions for which the replication has failed in either the hub system or connected systems. |
| **Monitoring extraction jobs for sources of supply** | Configuration experts can monitor extraction jobs for sources of supply that have failed. |
| **Creating purchase orders automatically** | The purchase orders are created automatically in the connected systems from the replicated purchase requisitions. |
| **Confirming the receipt of goods** | Employees can confirm the received goods in the hub system. As a result, confirmations are posted to the connected systems. |
| **Creating a return delivery** | If goods are of poor quality or damaged, for example, employees can create a return delivery in the hub system for the confirmed goods. |
| **Updating data between systems** | Central purchasers can view the data updated from the connected system to the hub system for approved purchase requisitions. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.8.2 Central Sourcing

> 📄 FSD Reference: p249–250

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

The Central Sourcing scenario enables central purchasers to get an overview of all purchasing needs across various plants of your company and to source for all plants centrally. This optimizes the procurement process and increases your savings. Central purchasers can check all purchase requisitions in the connected plants or SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition systems and source for these purchase requisitions centrally. Central purchasers can create central requests for quotations, publish them and after the bidding process is completed central purchasers can create central supplier quotations on behalf of suppliers. Central purchasers can create purchase orders or central purchase contracts based on the awarded central supplier quotations.

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with external procurement systems (for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing). If an external procurement system is integrated and supports the features below, central supplier quotations and follow-on documents such as central purchase contracts or purchase orders can be created automatically.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Creating central requests for quotations** | Central purchasers use this feature to find a source of supply centrally for various plants. Central purchasers check purchase requisitions from different plants and identify the materials and services that can be sourced together and for which there is no valid source of supply. They select purchase requisitions from multiple connected systems and create a central request for quotation, maintain the details and publish it. You can add notes and attachments to the central RFQs, if required. If you want your strategic buyers to invite suppliers to place supplier quotations, you can send the central RFQs (including attachments) to an external procurement system (for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing). You can invite suppliers that are maintained in your supplier master data to participate in the bidding process on an external platform (currently, Ariba Network). |
| **Maintaining central supplier quotations** | In SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, central supplier quotations can be created in one of the following ways: central purchasers can create them manually on behalf of suppliers and submit them in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition; or they can be generated from quotations received from an external sourcing system, for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing. |
| **Creating purchase orders from central supplier quotations** | Central purchasers use this feature to create purchase orders from the awarded central supplier quotations directly in the connected systems where the purchase requisitions originated from. For central supplier quotations that have been generated from quotations received from an external sourcing system (for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing), purchase orders are created automatically. |
| **Creating central purchase contracts from central supplier quotations** | Central purchasers use this feature to create central purchase contracts from awarded central supplier quotations in the hub system. The central purchase contracts are created in the status "Draft". Central contracts are then distributed to the connected systems and can be used as a source of supply. For central supplier quotations that have been generated from quotations received from an external sourcing system (for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing), central purchase contracts are created automatically. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.8.3 Central Purchase Contracts

> 📄 FSD Reference: p251–254

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

In an integrated procurement scenario, you can create central purchase contracts. These are global, long-term agreements between organizations and suppliers regarding the supply of materials or the performance of services within a certain period as per predefined terms and conditions. Central purchase contracts enable purchasers from various parts of a company in different locations to take advantage of the negotiated terms and conditions. Central purchase contracts are created in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud system (which acts as a hub system) by a central purchaser and distributed to the connected systems, such as SAP ERP, SAP S/4HANA Cloud, or SAP S/4HANA.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Managing central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can create, change, copy, renew, and display central purchase contracts. They can create central purchase contracts of type value contract or quantity contract. When creating a central purchase contract, central purchasers can create items for materials fetched directly from connected systems, for materials that were extracted from the connected systems into the hub system, or for lean services. They can also create free-text items. Additionally, they can maintain the payment terms and incoterms at header and distribution levels of a central purchase contract. They can also maintain the shipping instructions at the item and distribution levels. While creating a central purchase contract, central purchasers can create, edit, and display additional information in the form of texts using notes. They can also search for legal transactions and assign them to a central purchase contract. |
| **Making mass changes to central purchase contracts and monitoring them** | Central purchasers can select central contract headers or central contract items of central purchase contracts to trigger a mass change for specific values. They can add header and item distributions to multiple central contract items at a time. They can then monitor these mass changes. Central purchasers can download central contract information into a spreadsheet, modify it, and upload it back again. They can create new contracts and also add items, header distributions, and item distributions to existing contracts using the spreadsheet. |
| **Using workflow-based approval** | Approvers/reviewers can use the flexible workflow to approve/review central purchase contracts. The approval process can be automatic, one-step, or multi-step approval. |
| **Distributing central purchase contracts to the connected systems** | After a central purchase contract is approved, it is distributed to the connected systems based on the distribution details maintained by the central purchaser when creating the central purchase contract. Because of distribution, outline agreements, such as contracts or scheduling agreements, can be created in the connected systems. |
| **Monitoring the distribution of central purchase contracts** | Configuration experts can monitor central purchase contracts for which the distribution has failed either in the hub system or connected systems. |
| **Monitoring the jobs for release order update** | Configuration experts can monitor the jobs for release orders that have failed. |
| **Checking errors in contracts and reinitiating distribution** | Central purchasers can check whether a contract that resulted in errors during distribution to the connected systems can be distributed now or if it still contains errors that need to be resolved. After all errors are resolved, central purchasers can reinitiate the distribution of such contracts. |
| **Importing release orders into the hub system** | Configuration experts can import release orders into the hub system from the connected systems. As a result, central purchasers get an overview of the release orders issued against each distributed contract item in the connected systems. The release information is available only for the distribution lines that result in the creation of contracts in the connected systems. |
| **Situation handling** | Central purchasers can receive notifications when the consumption level of a specific central purchase contract item exceeds a predefined threshold. Central purchasers can also receive notifications when a central purchase contract is due to expire. |
| **Withdraw central purchase contracts from approval** | Central purchasers can withdraw a central purchase contract sent for approval. They can then make the required changes to it and submit it again for approval. |
| **Managing central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can create, modify, display, renew, and distribute a central purchase contract hierarchy in the hub system. They can also search for legal transactions and assign them to a central purchase contract hierarchy. Additionally, they can maintain the payment terms and incoterms at header and distribution levels of a central purchase contract hierarchy. They can also maintain the shipping instructions at the item and distribution levels. |
| **Configuring versions for central purchase contracts** | Configuration experts can configure the settings to manage the versioning of a central purchase contract and define reasons for changes that result in the creation of newer versions. |
| **Maintaining conditions for central purchase contracts and central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can add conditions with a validity period for a central purchase contract and central purchase contract hierarchy in the hub system. |
| **Defining price change reasons for conditions** | Central purchasers can maintain price change reasons when a condition of a central purchase contract or central purchase contract hierarchy is added, changed or deleted in the hub system. |
| **Maintaining a pricing scale** | Central purchasers can define a pricing scale value and scale types for a central purchase contract and central purchase contract hierarchy in the hub system. |
| **Distributing scales and plant conditions for central purchase contract items** | Central purchasers can distribute scales and plant conditions for central purchase contract items in the hub system to the connected systems. |
| **Simulating a price for central purchase contract items** | Central purchasers can simulate the price for a central purchase contact for a given date in the hub system. |
| **Creating default conditions for central purchase contract items** | Central purchasers can create default conditions for a central purchase contract item when the net order price and price unit is maintained in the hub system. |
| **Configuring versions for central purchase contract hierarchies** | Configuration experts can configure the settings to manage the versioning of a central purchase contract hierarchy and define reasons for changes that result in the creation of newer versions. |
| **Enabling pricing and complex conditions from SAP Ariba** | Central purchasers can view the updated net price and condition record information (including scales) in a central purchase contract that is replicated from an SAP Ariba external system to the SAP S/4HANA hub system. |
| **Distributing notes from hub system to connected systems** | Central purchasers can distribute notes at the header and item level of a central purchase contract from the hub system to the connected systems. |
| **Simulating a price for central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can simulate the price for a central purchase contract hierarchy at an item level for a given date in the hub system. |
| **Creating default conditions for central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can create default conditions for a central purchase contract hierarchy at an item level when the net order price and price unit is maintained in the hub system. |
| **Comparing versions of a central purchase contract** | Central purchasers can compare information between two versions of a central purchase contract in the hub system. |
| **Distributing scales and plant conditions for central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can distribute scales and plant conditions for central purchase contract hierarchies in the hub system to the connected systems. |
| **Blocking and unblocking items and item distribution lines in central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can block and unblock items and item distribution lines of a central purchase contract in the hub system. |
| **Comparing versions of a central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can compare information between two versions of a central purchase contract hierarchies in the hub system. |
| **Displaying the approval details for central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can view the approval details, such as the processors involved and status, for central purchase contracts in the hub system. |
| **Defining deadlines for the workflow steps for central purchase contracts** | Configuration experts can define the deadline by which the workflow step should be completed, beyond which an overdue notification is sent to the approver. |
| **Scheduling output for central purchase contracts** | Configuration experts can schedule application jobs to send the outputs of central purchase contracts to the respective suppliers in the hub system. |
| **Subcontracting for central purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can create items for a central purchase contract or central purchase contract hierarchy with the item category Subcontracting (L) in the hub system. |
| **Blocking and unblocking items in central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can block and unblock items and item distribution lines of a central purchase contract hierarchy in the hub system. |
| **Working with central purchase contracts from third-party systems** | Central purchasers can display and manage central purchase contracts from third-party systems to the hub system. |
| **Adding attachments** | Central purchasers can add attachments at the header level for central purchase contracts or central purchase contract hierarchies in the hub system. |
| **Canceling central purchase contracts and central purchase contract hierarchies** | Central purchasers can cancel a central purchase contract or central purchase contract hierarchy in the hub system. |
| **Using the enterprise search** | Central Purchasers can use the enterprise search to search for central purchase contracts and central purchase contract hierarchies. |
| **Creating consignment items for central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can create items of category 'Consignment (K)' for central purchase contracts in the hub system. |
| **Simulating the distribution of central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can simulate the distribution of central purchase contracts in the hub system and check if the distributed outline agreements would be created successfully or result in errors. |
| **Managing item hierarchies in central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can create item hierarchies with item sets and functional items for central purchase contracts in the hub system. |
| **Editability of distributed purchase outline agreements in connected systems** | Purchasers can edit specific fields at the header and item levels of distributed purchase outline agreements in their connected systems. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.8.4 Central Purchasing

> 📄 FSD Reference: p255–259

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

The Central Purchasing scenario provides a single point of access to display and manage purchasing documents centrally. The purchasing documents include purchase requisitions and purchase orders. These documents can be the ones that are created in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition system (which acts as a hub system) or the ones that have been extracted from the connected systems. SAP S/4HANA, SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, or SAP ERP act as connected systems. Central Purchasing provides the flexibility of connecting multiple systems across an organization and carrying out procurement processes centrally.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Importing purchasing documents into the hub system** | Configuration experts can import purchasing documents into the hub system from the connected systems. |
| **Working with purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can display and manage purchasing documents centrally. |
| **Assigning sources of supply to purchase requisitions centrally** | Central purchasers can assign sources of supply to the purchase requisition items centrally, for example, by navigating into the specific purchase requisition. |
| **Processing purchasing documents centrally** | Central purchasers can process purchasing documents centrally. This option enables the purchasers to block or unblock the automatic creation of follow-on documents in the connected systems. Additionally, they can block or unblock the automatic creation of follow-on documents in the connected systems, based on whether the purchase requisitions are blocked by requestor or blocked for central processing. |
| **Displaying purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can display purchasing documents based on the attributes maintained for users. |
| **Editing purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can navigate directly to the connected systems to edit the purchasing documents. |
| **Creating purchase orders from purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can create purchase orders from purchase requisitions in the connected systems. |
| **Creating purchase orders centrally** | Central purchasers can directly navigate to the connected systems to create purchase orders. |
| **Using the workflow-based approval** | Approvers or reviewers can use the flexible workflow to approve or review centrally managed purchase orders, centrally managed purchase requisitions, and central supplier confirmations. The approval process can be either an automatic, a one-step or a multi-step approval. Based on the workflow configuration, approvers can also send centrally managed purchase orders or centrally managed purchase requisition for rework. |
| **Creating purchase requisitions centrally** | Central purchasers can directly navigate to the connected systems to create purchase requisitions. |
| **Displaying process flow for purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can view the process flow diagram that displays the follow-on documents created for purchase requisitions and purchase orders. |
| **Analyzing and resolving replication errors of central purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can view, analyze, and resolve the replication errors of central purchase requisitions. If the replication of central purchase requisitions from the hub system to the connected systems results in errors, the central purchase requisitions are saved in held status in the connected systems. |
| **Situation handling for purchase order items** | Central purchasers are notified about purchase order items that were not delivered by the delivery date confirmed by the supplier. |
| **Creating central purchase contracts from purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can create central purchase contracts from purchase requisitions in the draft mode in the hub system. |
| **Creating central RFQs from purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can create central RFQs from purchase requisitions in the hub system. |
| **Adding purchase requisition items to purchase orders** | Central purchasers can add open purchase requisition items to an existing purchase order in the hub system as new line items. |
| **Working with purchase requisition items** | Central purchasers can defer a purchase requisition item for a specific period. They can also resume the deferred purchase requisition items and close the purchase requisition items. |
| **Importing central purchase requisitions that are processed in the hub system** | Configuration experts can import central purchase requisitions that are relevant for processing in the hub system. |
| **Displaying central purchase requisitions that are processed in the hub system** | Central purchasers can display central purchase requisitions that are relevant for processing in the hub system. |
| **Creating purchase orders from central purchase requisitions that are processed in the hub system** | Central purchasers can create purchase orders from central purchase requisitions that are relevant for processing in the hub system. |
| **Monitoring extraction jobs for purchase requisitions** | Configuration experts can monitor the extraction jobs for purchase requisitions that have failed. |
| **Monitoring extraction jobs for purchase orders** | Configuration experts can monitor the extraction jobs for purchase orders that have failed. |
| **Monitoring text extraction jobs** | Configuration experts can monitor the extraction jobs for texts that have failed. |
| **Managing rules for automation of business processes** | Configuration experts can create and delete rules that are required to automate various business processes in the hub system. |
| **Scheduling automation of business processes** | Configuration experts can schedule jobs for the automation of business processes in the hub system, based on the activated rules. |
| **Refreshing purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can refresh purchasing documents such as purchase requisitions and purchase orders in the hub system. This extracts the latest details of the selected purchasing documents from the connected systems to the hub system. |
| **Adding purchase requisitions to central purchase contracts** | Central purchasers can add open purchase requisitions to an existing central purchase contract in the hub system as new line items. |
| **Processing purchasing documents using the uniquely mapped value help** | Central purchasers can search for purchase requisitions and purchase orders using filters that are mapped uniquely from the respective connected systems. |
| **Displaying notes for purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can view notes that are maintained and extracted from the connected systems to the hub system for purchase requisitions and purchase orders. |
| **Reassigning purchasing groups to purchase requisition items** | Central purchasers can reassign a purchasing group to purchase requisition items to facilitate the transfer of workload from one purchasing group to other based on personnel availability. |
| **Creating extensible fields for centrally managed purchasing documents** | Configuration experts can create extensible fields for centrally managed purchase requisitions and purchase orders that correspond with their respective business contexts. |
| **Displaying extensible fields for centrally managed purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can view extensible fields that are created for centrally managed purchase requisitions and purchase orders in the hub system. |
| **Displaying attributes of purchasing documents** | Central purchasers can search, and display the attributes of purchase requisitions and purchase orders, based on the unified key mapping. |
| **Monitoring the compatibility of central procurement operations** | Configuration experts can monitor details in the hub system about the business operations and their compatibility with the corresponding versions of the connected systems, that are required for the business operations to function. |
| **Monitoring the connected systems** | Configuration experts can monitor the connected systems, their status (online or offline), and when their status was last checked. |
| **Creating central purchase contract hierarchies from purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can create central purchase contract hierarchies from purchase requisitions in the hub system. |
| **Editing and approving purchase requisitions** | Approvers can edit the purchase requisitions in the connected systems before approving them. |
| **Importing history details for purchase orders** | Configuration experts can import history details for purchase orders in the hub system. |
| **Extracting purchase orders from third party systems** | Configuration experts can extract purchase orders from third party systems to the hub system. |
| **Displaying contact card details of the creator of purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can view the contact card details of the creator of a purchase requisition in the hub system. |
| **Displaying contact card details of the supplier of purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can view the contact card details of the supplier of a purchase requisition in the hub system. |
| **Restricting the editing of purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can restrict the editing of purchase requisitions in the connected system using the block indicators. |
| **Displaying purchase order details** | Central purchasers can view the details of a purchase order while adding purchase requisition items to an existing purchase order in the hub system. |
| **Defaulting the material group and material number** | Central purchasers can default the material group and material number while adding purchase requisition items to an existing central purchase contract, or to central purchase orders, in the hub system. |
| **Displaying the approval details for replicated purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can view the approval details, such as the processors involved and status, for the replicated purchase requisitions in the hub system. |
| **Defining deadlines for the workflow steps for central purchasing documents** | Configuration experts can define the deadline by which the workflow step should be completed, beyond which an overdue notification is sent to the approver. |
| **Displaying the automation status for centrally managed purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can view the automation status for the centrally managed purchase requisitions in the hub system. |
| **Managing outputs for centrally managed purchase orders** | Central purchasers can manage and view the output details for centrally managed purchase orders in the hub system. |
| **Scheduling outputs for centrally managed purchase orders** | Configuration experts can schedule application jobs to send the outputs for centrally managed purchase orders to the respective suppliers in the hub system. |
| **Working with purchasing documents from third party systems** | Central purchasers can display and manage purchasing documents from the third party systems to the hub system. |
| **Resetting automation status for centrally managed purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can reset automation status during extraction of purchase requisitions in the hub system. |
| **Working with automation status for purchase requisitions** | Central purchasers can display the automation errors for purchase requisitions. Additionally, they can retrigger the automation rules, reset the automation status of the rules, refresh the automation status of purchase requisitions. |
| **Using the enterprise search for purchasing documents** | Central Purchasers can use the enterprise search to search for purchase requisitions and purchase orders. |
| **Managing central supplier confirmations** | Central purchasers can manage and view central supplier confirmations for centrally managed purchase orders in the hub system. |
| **Scheduling export of centrally managed purchase orders** | Configuration experts can schedule jobs to export centrally managed purchase orders from the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition system which acts as the hub system. This exported data is used to trigger the training of the intelligent scenario MM_PUR_HUB_MATGRP_RC in the Intelligent Scenario Management app. |
| **Scheduling import of product group recommendations** | Configuration experts can schedule jobs to import the inference (data) to enable material group recommendations for centrally managed purchase requisitions. |
| **View material group recommendations** | Central Purchasers can use the intelligent scenario MM_PUR_HUB_MATGRP_RC (Material Group Recommendations for Centrally Managed Purchase Requisitions) to analyze the free text that is entered in a centrally managed purchase requisition and suggest the most relevant material groups based on previous purchase orders. |
| **Situation handling for purchase requisition items** | Central purchasers are notified about the approaching delivery date of centrally managed purchase requisition items. They are also notified if the overall limit of centrally managed purchase requisition items exceeds the configured value. |
| **Making mass changes to centrally managed purchase requisition items and monitoring them** | Central purchasers can select items of centrally managed purchase requisitions to trigger a mass change for specific values. They can then monitor these mass changes. |
| **Assigning processors to purchase requisition items centrally** | Central purchasers can assign and unassign processors to centrally managed purchase requisition items. The assigned processors are responsible for working on the respective items. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

#### 3.16.8.5 Central Purchasing Analytics

> 📄 FSD Reference: p260–261

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

Central Purchasing Analytics provides users with centralized analyses and the necessary capabilities to better understand the procurement areas – both on a holistic level and on a more fine-granular level relating to connected systems. Strategic buyers can analyze the consumption of central contracts across entire organizations, as well as identify where global contracts are not being properly utilized. Additionally, monitoring the global purchasing spend using drill-down capabilities pinpoints the spend volume across the entire organization.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Analyzing central purchase contracts** | Strategic buyers can display central purchase contracts and analyze their consumption. The consumption can be analyzed by supplier or connected purchasing organization, for example. |
| **Analyzing global purchasing spend** | Strategic buyers can display purchase orders centrally and analyze the purchase order net amount and planned spend by schedule line, supplier, company code, or purchasing organization, for example. The purchase orders can be those that are created in the hub system, and the ones that have been extracted from other connected systems. |
| **Monitoring central purchase contract items** | Central purchasers can monitor the release history of central purchase contract items, for example, and display the items and distribution lines with the highest consumption. |
| **Monitoring purchase order items centrally** | Central purchasers can monitor purchase order items centrally, based on filter criteria such as the display currency, supplier, material, or purchasing organization. In addition to this, central purchasers can use the visual filter to monitor the top spend by supplier, for example, and overdue items across the entire organization. |
| **Analyzing central purchase requisition item types** | Central purchasers can view and analyze central purchase requisition item types, such as services, materials, or text items. |
| **Monitoring central purchase requisition items** | Central purchasers can monitor the open central purchase requisition items (along with open quantities). |
| **Monitoring purchase requisition items centrally** | Central purchasers can monitor purchase requisition items centrally, based on filter criteria such as display currency, material group, or purchasing organization. In addition to this, central purchasers can use the visual filters to display data, for example, the total value by purchasing groups. |
| **Analyzing price history for central purchase contract items** | Central purchasers can view the price and condition history of central purchase contract items. The data is displayed according to supplier, company code, central purchasing organization and group, and plant. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.9 Integration with External Procurement Systems

> 📄 FSD Reference: p261–262

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with external procurement systems (for example SAP Ariba and SAP Fieldglass) to combine the advantages of the integrated product with the integrated business processes and data transparency provided by SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition.

**核心功能 (Key Features) — Sourcing and Contract Management**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Creation of purchase contracts and/or purchase scheduling agreements initiated from the external procurement system** | Contract documents that are created in an external procurement system can initiate the creation of a corresponding purchase contracts and/or purchase scheduling agreements in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. |
| **Release of the purchase contract and/or purchase scheduling agreement** | When the purchase contract is released as a source of supply and/or the purchase scheduling agreement as a delivery schedule in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, the status change can be transferred to the external procurement system. |

**核心功能 (Key Features) — Operational Procurement**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Creation of requisitions initiated from the external procurement system** | Requisitions that employees create in the external procurement system can initiate the creation of corresponding purchase requisitions and follow-on documents, such as reservations, purchase orders, goods receipts, and invoices in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. In the case of service procurement, service entry sheets are created. Processing of the requisition in the external system can equally initiate an update of the purchase requisition. |
| **Creation of reservations, purchase orders, goods receipts, and service entry sheets initiated from the external procurement system** | The creation or processing of documents in the external procurement system can initiate the creation or update of reservations, purchase orders, goods receipts, and service entry sheets in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. |
| **Transparency of procurement documents in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition** | The numbers of SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition purchase requisitions, reservations, purchase orders, and follow-on documents are transferred to the external procurement system to be displayed to the employees who created the requisitions. |

**核心功能 (Key Features) — Invoice Management**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Creation of supplier invoices initiated from the external procurement system** | The creation or processing of invoice documents in the external procurement system can initiate the creation or update of supplier invoices in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition. Here, the supplier invoices are made available to accounts payable to be used in follow-on processes. |
| **Transparency of documents in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition** | The numbers of the invoices created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition can be transferred to the external procurement system to provide transparency to the users who created the original documents. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.10 Integration of Central Procurement with External Procurement System

> 📄 FSD Reference: p262–263

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration of Central Procurement with an external procurement system (for example SAP Ariba) to combine the advantages of the integrated product with the advantages of a scenario where your professional purchasers can either operate centrally in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (acting as a hub system) or directly in the connected systems.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Validation of requisitions created in the external procurement system and creation of purchase requisitions** | Requests that employees create in the external procurement system are validated against the respective connected system in the Central Procurement landscape before they are created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (acting as a hub system) and then forwarded to the connected system. |
| **Approval process** | The approval step for requisitions created in the external procurement system can be performed in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (acting as a hub system). |
| **Transparency of documents in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition** | The numbers of the purchase requisitions created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (acting as the hub system) and of the follow-on documents (reservations, purchase orders, goods receipts, invoices) created in the connected systems are transferred to the external procurement system to provide transparency to the employees who created the original requisitions. |
| **Creation of central purchase contracts or purchase orders based on awards from the external procurement system** | Bidding and awarding for materials can take place in the external procurement system (for example, SAP Ariba Sourcing). For bids that have been awarded in the external procurement system, central supplier quotations and central purchase contracts or purchase orders are automatically created in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (acting as a hub system) or in the connected systems. |
| **Creation of purchase contracts initiated from an external procurement system through the Central Procurement hub system** | Contracts created in the external procurement system (for example, SAP Ariba) initiate the creation of a central purchase contract in the Central Procurement landscape, that is, SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition (acting as a hub system). Once the central purchase contract is released and approved, purchase contracts are in turn created in the corresponding connected systems. When the central purchase contract is approved in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition, this status change can be transferred to SAP Ariba. |
| **Creation of order confirmations for centrally managed purchase orders** | Order confirmations can be created by suppliers in the SAP Business Network for centrally managed purchase orders. These order confirmations are transferred back to the hub system and further to the connected system. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.11 Integration of Invoice Processing with Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Programs

> 📄 FSD Reference: p263–264

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with OCR programs (currently OpenText) to enable processing of invoices that were converted from picture files into a structured format.

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Uploading invoice documents** | Supplier invoices can be created from data files that were uploaded by an optical character recognition program (currently OpenText). |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
⊙ Note: The below mentioned feature for OCR programs is only available for customers who have licensed this feature including maintenance for this feature before January 01, 2021. For further information, please contact your SAP Account Executive.

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

### 3.16.12 Integration with an External Invoice Processing System

> 📄 FSD Reference: p264

**业务背景 (Business Background)**:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition supports the integration with an external invoice processing system (currently SAP Ariba Central Invoice Management).

**核心功能 (Key Features)**:

| 功能 (Feature) | 说明 (Use / Description) |
|---------------|------------------------|
| **Transferring invoice data** | You use this feature for the mutual transfer of invoice data that takes place between an SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition system and an external invoice processing system. |

**⚠ 限制与注意事项 (Constraints / Notes)**:
*(无)*

**关联Scope Items**: —

---

## Summary of FSD Sections Covered

| Section | Application Area | FSD Pages |
|---------|-----------------|-----------|
| 3.16 | Sourcing and Procurement | p222–264 |
| 3.16.1 | Generic Features Available in Sourcing and Procurement | p222 |
| 3.16.2 | Procurement Analytics | p223–227 |
| 3.16.2.1 | Real-Time Reporting and Monitoring | p223–224 |
| 3.16.2.2 | Spend Visibility | p225–226 |
| 3.16.2.3 | Spend Reporting | p226–227 |
| 3.16.3 | Sourcing and Contract Management | p227–231 |
| 3.16.3.1 | Source Assignment | p227–229 |
| 3.16.3.2 | Purchase Contract Management | p230–231 |
| 3.16.4 | Operational Procurement | p232–242 |
| 3.16.4.1 | Self-Service Requisitioning | p232–234 |
| 3.16.4.2 | Requirements Processing | p234–236 |
| 3.16.4.3 | Purchase Order Processing | p237–239 |
| 3.16.4.4 | Purchase Order Collaboration | p239–241 |
| 3.16.4.5 | Service Purchasing and Recording | p241–242 |
| 3.16.5 | Invoice Management | p242–245 |
| 3.16.5.1 | Invoice Processing | p242–244 |
| 3.16.5.2 | Invoice Collaboration | p245 |
| 3.16.6 | Supplier Management | p246 |
| 3.16.6.1 | Classification and Segmentation | p246 |
| 3.16.6.2 | Supplier Evaluation | p246 |
| 3.16.7 | Integration with Machine Learning Intelligence | p247 |
| 3.16.8 | Central Procurement | p247–259 |
| 3.16.8.1 | Central Requisitioning | p247–249 |
| 3.16.8.2 | Central Sourcing | p249–250 |
| 3.16.8.3 | Central Purchase Contracts | p251–254 |
| 3.16.8.4 | Central Purchasing | p255–259 |
| 3.16.8.5 | Central Purchasing Analytics | p260–261 |
| 3.16.9 | Integration with External Procurement Systems | p261–262 |
| 3.16.10 | Integration of Central Procurement with External Procurement System | p262–263 |
| 3.16.11 | Integration of Invoice Processing with OCR Programs | p263–264 |
| 3.16.12 | Integration with an External Invoice Processing System | p264 |

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*Document generated from SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition 2602 Feature Scope Description, pages 222–264.*
